Introduction Lung TB Disease

The TB or Tuberculosis is a very common disease around the world. The increasing rate of the disease is very fast and a new infection may spread in one second. The Tuberculosis is not very common in the developed country, but in the developing countries, the rate of the disease is very high and among these countries where the population growth rate is high, the TB rate is also very high. For example, many African countries with lower standard of life has a rate of about eighty percent of total population where in America, it is not more than ten percent. The unhealthy lifestyle, weak immune system, drugs and high rate of AIDS are the main reason for that.

The Tuberculosis is mostly a deadly infection, usually caused by mycobacterium. The Tuberculosis is a short of tubercles bacillus. It can attack different body parts, but the most common attacked part is the lungs. In this article, we are going to discuss about the lung TB. The disease spread through body fluids; mostly by spit, cough and sneeze and the air is a fast carrier of the germs. Not all the attacks by the Tuberculosis are progressive and in the primary stage, it cause asymptomatic infection which may later turns into a serious deadly disease.

Classification of TB

Based on the physical examination, there are six different categories of clinical system of TB.

1. Not exposure to TB and proved as not infected by the Tuberculosis skin test.

2. Exposed to TB but not any physical sign of the disease by the Tuberculosis skin test.

3. Infection but no illness. The Tuberculosis skin test result is positive but there is no strong clinical evidence of TB.

4. Clinically active Tuberculosis. Evidence of TB is present by the clinical, radiographic and bacteriologic test.

5. Clinically not active. The suspect has an exposure and positive skin test result of TB but no clinical evidence of the dieses.

6. Suspect. The person who is under the watch for possible TB.

Lung TB Symptoms and risks

About three out of four patients of Tuberculosis shows the symptoms of pulmonary or the lungs TB. The most common symptoms include chest pain, prolonged cough for a long time (over three weeks), blood with cough etc. Along with these major signs, there might be fever, sweats at night, pallor, loss of appetite, chills and weight loss. Some patients might also get fatigue. The symptoms vary over patient to patient and the severity of the attack.

Beside the average attack by the mycobacterium on general people, there are some other diseases that make the patients vulnerable to TB. Tuberculosis has a more chance to be severe for the patients who have silicosis as the respiratory system of these patients infuriate by silica. This might lead to phagocytosis and high lymphatic vessel deposits which increase the risk of Tuberculosis by blocking the activity of macrophage. Other chronic patient with renal failure also has a great chance to get Tuberculosis. Diabetes patient with diabetes mellitus has far more greater chance to get Tuberculosis than the patients without diabetes mellitus. Also the use of insulin by the diabetes patient is a trigger to increase the chance of getting Tuberculosis. Some other physical conditions including carcinoma of neck or head, jejunoileal bypass, renal transplantation, cardiac transplantation and severe gastrectomy also makes the patients easy victim of the lung Tuberculosis. Neoplasms like leukemia, lymphoma and lung cancer also have the same effect.

So far, the silicosis has been found as the most likely cause for lung Tuberculosis. Although research is still going and the researchers found that some indoor air pollutants are responsible for the diseases. Almost all of these pollutants contain silica which includes Portland cement, paint and concrete. Similar elements like masonry, rock, abrasive and sandstone also contain crystalline silica. Being near and exposed to these materials increase the chance of getting Tuberculosis. If you work with these elements then you might carry them with you with your work dress to your house and makes a possibility for your family to get the diseases.

Low body weight is connected with tuberculosis. According to the international body mass index, if a person has lower than 18.5 inches of the parameter, he is more likely to get the dieses by two or even three times than a normal person. The abuse to IV drug is another major factor of getting Tuberculosis. About one third patients, who have AIDS, also have TB. The diseases can be genetically passed too. The gene polymorphisms that is located in the IL 12B has a connection with tuberculosis. Some drugs that block the tumor necrosis factor alpha increase the possibility of tuberculosis. This also reduces the strength of the immune system.

Causes of  tuberculosis lung

The tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This is a micro organic bacillus. It contain high lipid and can divide within sixteen to twenty hours. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis is classified as Gram-positive bacterium. It can live in an extreme dry environment for a few weeks. The Mycobacterium is classified as acid-fast bacillus. The TB spread through sneeze, cough, spit or air and so when you get near to a TB victim, there is a chance that you will get it as the patient expels infectious germs of about .5 to 5 micro meters. Even a single sneeze can cause serious problem.

Conclusion: Lower lifestyle and exposure to the trigger elements are the major cause of TB. Also the lack of medical facility is another big factor and by developing of these facts, the rate of infected victim can be reduced.